Chlorine has direct applications, but is primarily used in the manufacture
of a very wide range of other compounds.
Organics
Inorganics
Lubricatingoils
Adhesives
Aerosols
Pharmaceuticals
Polyurethane varnishes, paints, foams
Nylon
Crop protection
Hair colouring and care products
Coatings
Inks
Refrigerants
Brush bristles
Upholstery
Etching and engraving
Photography
Bactericides and disinfectants
Mirrors
Pulp and paper processing
Printed circuit boards
Dental cement
Deodorants
Soap perfume stabilisers
Bleaches
Manufacture of Chlorine Compounds
Direct applications
One of the most well known direct uses for chlorine is in water treatment
to reduce bacteria content. This applies to domestic water supplies,
but also to swimming pools and water used in industrial processes.
When dissolved, chlorine reacts with water. It is the hydrogen chlorate
produced that is responsible for the bleaching effect of chlorine.
Propene oxide, manufactured
using chlorine, is used in the manufacture of polymers, cosmetics,
food emulsifiers, anti-freeze, sterilisation and biodegradable detergents.
Insecticides
Many common insecticides are chlorine-containing compounds. Dichlorvos
is used as a household insecticide, to treat parasitic worms in
animals and humans, and to make anti-parasitic pet collars
Chlorinated solvents
Tetrachloroethene has long been used in dry-cleaning, and other
chlorinated solvents are used for degreasing mechanical components
Domestic bleach
Two of the products from chlorine production are used to make
sodium chlorate, used as a domestic bleach
Antiseptics and anti-bacterial
products
Medical antiseptics and bactericides (such as TCP and Dettol)
contain chlorinated phenols.
